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How Wolf Behavior Has Slowly Disappeared Within Dogs
from:Studies of free ranging dogs have documented the ways in which wolf behavior has been attenuated or extinguished over the course of evolution. In cities and villages, dogs that wander freely generally do not form packs, and while each dog has an identifiable home range that he sticks to, these ranges overlap almost completely with those of other dogs.
Free ranging dogs do engage in wolf like urine marking throughout their range, but they show almost no inclination to defend their territory against intruders. Even when feral dogs do form into packs, as they do sometimes in rural areas or in and around garbage dumps, these do not behave like wolf packs. Feral dog packs will sometimes more actively defend a
territory and kill dogs that intrude, but they lack many of the more developed cooperative behaviors of wolves, such as care of the young by all adult members of the group. Reproductive behavior is also much looser, or at least certainly much more variable.
Ray Coppinger, a researcher, observed a huge range of sexual behavior among village and feral dogs around the world. At one extreme, male New Guinea singing dogs are fiercely competitive, but in a very non wolf like way; they behave more like the males of species that occupy and defend individual territories, and the mere sight of another male provokes attack. At the other extreme, and perhaps much more typical of dogs, were the village dogs he encountered in Venezuela who 'were observed to line up and breed a female sequentially, with little aggression between them.'
There is certainly no simple explanation for all of these behavioral differences between wolf and dog. Changes in neurotransmitter and hormonal levels, disruptions of the juvenile stages of development in which behaviors are molded, and the persistence of juvenile traits into adulthood are all factors in the transformation. The overall picture that emerges is that dogs are less confrontational and fearful, and while they retain a capacity for asserting dominance (as well as for acquiescing in subordination), their social interactions lack the urgency or insistence that one sees in wolf society. There is simply less at stake.
The social pressure cooker of the wolf pack has been replaced with a tepid cauldron. Dogs have no need and no inclination for the packed and charged social world of their ancestors. That essentially all male dogs mark their home range with raised leg urinations (as do the relatively unsocial male coyotes), that no male or female dog is inhibited from breeding by other dogs, and that most free ranging dogs do not form coherent packs suggests that dog society has fragmented from a group of fiefdoms to a rather more democratic polity.
Connecting Your Dogs Habits To Its Ancestors
There are some things a dog cannot help doing If he is going to bite someone, he needs to look at his target, and he needs to bare his teeth If he is going to defend himself, he has to tuck his ears back and his tail down and turn aside In the dark unrecorded mists of wolf history, wolves that had the wits to notice these things had an edge over their more obtuse pack mates Being on the looko.....More on Dog Psychology Fear Depression
How Dogs Use Their Tails As Signals and Gestures Part 1
In addition to barking, dogs also use their bodies to communicate about social and emotional matters A dogand#39;s tail, eyes, ears, and mouth all speak to us, and whole body postures add further information, serving to modify the message given Tail wagging can come about simply as a sign of excitement, the degree of which is indicated by the vigor or speed of the wag In judging excitement, you .....More on Dog Psychology Fear Depression
The World According To Your Dogs Eyes
Like tourists who assume everyone speaks English, or should, it is second nature to us to think that the world looks pretty much the same to all creatures, great and small, including our dogs For example, we rarely give much thought to the optical processes that turn light into vision; we assume that our visual version of reality is reality Even those of us who wear glasses fall into this w.....More on Dog Psychology Fear Depression
Canine Intelligence
There are many theories about the intelligence of the dog The majority of dog owners know that their dogs are very bright: these owners can tell any number of stories that demonstrate the animaland#39;s high intelligence In addition to the clever ways in which dogs outwit their owners, canine intelligence shines when dogs are asked to perform the tasks for which they were bred For instance, the Borde.....More on Dog Psychology Fear Depression
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